Brocar. Cuadernos de Investigación Histórica

The New American Consulates, Myth and Reality

Juan Bosco Amores Carredano — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Recent historiography on the new Hispanic-American consulates seems to maintain in some way the idea, spread by the first academic works on the subject, that the initiative for their creation corresponded to the elites of the capitals where they were established and, at the same time, that they represented an achievement of those elites against the centralism of the Bourbon governments and the mercantile monopoly. Based on part of that same historiography and on primary sources presumably unpublished, we maintain that the initiative for their establishment always corresponded to the Crown, from 1778 until their effective creation around 1793/1795, except in some isolated cases, and we also discuss the model and the supposed character of these consulates as a “corporate institution of the old regime”. In addition, we evaluate the effectiveness of their action in relation to the economic development of their respective territories.

The Diffusion of the Concept Of "Democracy" In Spanish Society in The Second Half of the Nineteenth Century

Raquel Irisarri Gutiérrez — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

This article is a case study of the process of democratisation of Spanish society and the evolution of the concept of “democracy” in the second half of the nineteenth-century Spain. To this end, I have analysed the reflections on this notion made in the Revista Hispano-Americana of liberal tendency and international impact. Within the context of the liberal revolutions, the pages of this publication advocated democracy as a form of progress for Spain. Likewise, various articles defended the implementation of certain democratic principles, such as freedom of thought and increased rights, in the West Indian colonies.

From "Siempre Fiel" to "Siempre Fidelísima"

Alain J. Santos Fuentes — Thu, 26 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

During the Trienio Liberal, the pact between the Captain General of Cuba and Havana’s agro-exporting elites was challenged by radical liberalism, particularly by representatives of Spain’s major trade interests in the city. To protect the agro-export model and their autonomy, the elites strengthened the authority of Captain General Francisco Dionisio Vives. This renewed pact established a peaceful restoration based on the Captain General’s power, political tolerance, and free trade, recognized by the motto "always most faithful," granted to the city by Ferdinand VII in 1824.

The Cuban Nation in the Historical Discourse of the Republic

Yaíma Martínez Alemán — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

The formation of the Cuban nation constitutes the backbone of cuban historical discourse with a marked ideological character. This article summarizes the fundamental theoretical positions around this issue in the republican context fundamentally from the nationalist and Marxist historiographic currents that, beyond ideological differences have as a common foundation the defense of the patriotic-nationalist tradition inspired by Martí. This core historiographical topic is analyzed from specific themes such as the assessment of the Cuban bourgeoisie, the currents of thought of the Cuban 19th century, the process of national liberation and the reflection on the republican experience. This important historiographical theme, which is not exhausted in the republican period, constitutes a foundation of the historiography of the Cuban Revolution.

Political Columnism in Suárez's Last Period

Pierre-Paul Gregorio — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

This paper analyses the columns of three journalists –Joaquín Aguirre Bellver, Abel Hernández and Pilar Urbano– during the period of the last government of Adolfo Suárez (September 1980 to January 1981). Within the convulsive Spanish political situation at the time, through their contributions, it is possible to put into perspective the reality of the plot whose aim was none other than to consolidate, theoretically, the democratic system after having managed to force the fall of the elected president. The aim is to determine, day by day, to what extent they were able, if not to encourage, at least to facilitate –voluntarily or not– the development of the so-called Armed Solution, as an emergency measure, in the form of a government of ambiguous contours.

The concept political party during the "Sexenio Revolucionario" and the "Restauración" (1868-1900)

Luis Fernández Torres — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

This article focuses on the contributions to the semantic shaping of the concept of political party during the last third of the 19th century in Spain. To this end, we turn to the works of some of the most outstanding authors of the period, among them José del Perojo, Gumersindo de Azcárate, Álvaro Figueroa y Torres and Adolfo Bonilla. From the point of view of the diachronic development of the concept, during these years we witnessed a stage of consolidation of the semantic features that accumulated in the previous decades and of social expansion of its use.

The last falls of the Inquisition

Rosa María Alabrús Iglesias — Wed, 05 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0200

The article analyzes the case of Eugenia de las Heras, a woman from the bishopric of Sigüenza, linked to the Barco-Razola family with a presence in the publishing world. In 1802 she was denounced in the Inquisition of the Court of Madrid, first accused of being a liar and demoniac, and later as a heretic. She ended up declaring herself, due to inquisitorial pressure, as a prostitute. Through the oral Relation of his life, formulated at the request of the Holy Office, the institutional decline of the Inquisition in the final years of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century is evidenced in this research work, but, at the same time, it demonstrates the repressive capacity of the Tribunal in this historical moment and its strategy of reaffirming its political and ideological significance.The documentation examined allows us to know the books that Eugenia de las Heras owned and the sociocultural context in which the life of this woman developed. Quite a testimony of the importance of the female counter exemplary as an object of persecution by the Inquisition in its twilight stage.

The Concert Society of Madrid Concerts in the Alhambra During the Corpus Christi Festivities in Granada Through the Press in the Early 20th Century

José Luis de la Torre Castellano — Mon, 22 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0200

The festivity of Corpus Christi was established in Granada at the beginning of the 16th century. It was at the end of the 19th century that the events and activities that made up the programme for the festival took shape in the future. One of the cultural activities of greatest importance and demand among the public will be the concerts in the Palace of Carlos V offered by the Madrid Concert Society conducted by Tomás Bretón. Through the historical press, we will be studied these concerts in the transition from the 19th to the 20th century, analysing the administrative process, the programmes, the composers, the premieres, the chronicles and reviews and the public's taste. We will note the predominance of central European and national authors and the social and cultural impact of this event.

Life And Evolution of the Third State in Toledo

Ángel Santos Vaquero — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

With this article we intend to present, within the class society of the city of Toledo, the situation of the pechero class or ”Third Estate” in the 16th and 17th centuries: how he lived, how he evolved socially, he ate, dressed, what were the most common jobs that provided him with sustenance and how he had fun, taking into account the geomorphological configuration of the city We want to show how, this society, still with medieval overtones, very closed and static in terms of mobility between social classes, already had cracks through which lower class individuals were sneaking into higher ones, thanks to the transformative evolution caused by political and economic changes. that were being produced. However, only a small number of people managed to go from the craftsman to the bourgeois state –constituting the mercantile and literate oligarchies– and from this to the noble (manifest ambition). In this last step, through matrimonial unions. However, the vast majority remained in the so-called “Third Estate”, living with many hindrances and great hardships.

Analysis of the Salvador’s Canons Wills in the 18th Century

Víctor Daniel Regalado González-Serna — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

The different characteristics of the wills granted by the canons of the Colegial Church of Salvador of Seville can be understood through this paper. Thus, we will comprehend in greater depth the provisions that this group took in preparation to go to the Hereafter and, furthermore, what should happen to their earthly goods. Likewise, this analysis will allow interesting comparisons to be established with the rest of the individuals who made up said social group in the city during the Modern Age.

The Financial Backing of the Stewardship of the "Lóndiga" and Pósito in Burgos During the Eighteenth Century

Francisco José Sanz de la Higuera — Tue, 14 May 2024 00:00:00 +0200

The acknowledgement of the responsibilities and tasks assigned to the stewardship of the pósito and “Lóndiga” in Castilian cities in the 18th century inexorably required the definition of sureties, or financial backing, to financially support such operations inherent to municipal grain logistics. The essential questions in this context arise from the number of bondsmen or guarantors, their professional affiliations, the amounts which all-together and each of them put at risk, and how often they were involved in such matters.

Three Uses of the Term “Culture”

Esteban Moreno Ruiz — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

This article explores the evolution of the concept of culture from its origins in the second half of the first century BC to the 21st century. The initial meaning, a universalist one, was used from Cicero until the Enlightenment and explained culture as a set of knowledge and wisdom that converted mankind into human beings, allowing individuals to transcend their wild, animal nature; it was the Enlightened tradition which linked culture to progress and civilization. The Romantic view was expounded by Herder, who explained the term as the cultivation of spirit and literary activity; this interpretation challenged the use of the term culture as synonymous with technical, industrial and urban progress, while also discovering and magnifying popular culture. The anthropological vision of culture was proposed by Tylor. He defended the existence of a uniform civilization formed by different cultural situations which were a consequence of the distinct stages of development of each human society therefore showing a uniform humanity while, at the same time, different levels of evolution within this uniformity. These affirmations showed the existence of “inferior tribes” and of “superior nations”. Tylor’s ultimate purpose was to provide an outline or schematic of the evolution of culture and with it demonstrate that its tendency has been to pass from savagery towards civilization. At present, the term culture is overused in a polysemous manner; its polysemy is a result of its all-encompassing application to any human activity connected to symbolic representations of the world or its rational understanding, as well as more local, everyday practices, habits and attitudes. And it is this polysemy that underlies the current overuse of the concept.

"Convertirme a su lado en otro Pangloss"

Aleix Romero Peña — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

Analyzing the writings exchanged by Saavedra and Urquijo between 1798 and 1799, an unpublished source until now. we study in this paper the political practice of the Spanish Enlightened men in the reign of Carlos IV (1788-1808), which is tension between their positions of power and their hidden opposition to some of the measures adopted by the monarchy.

Llorente, Mercedes, Blanco Mozo, José Luis (eds.), La imagen de las reinas Habsburgo españolas y su construcción durante el siglo XVII. Madrid, Iberoamericana Vervuert, 2024. 254 págs. ISBN: 978-84-9192-393-0

Marta — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

ANTONIO CAZORLA SÁNCHEZ: Los pueblos de Franco. Mito e historia de la colonización en España, 1939-1975, Barcelona, Galaxia Gutenberg, 2024.

Sergio Ceballos Coz — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

MARÍA ISABEL GARCÍA CANO, Fuente Palmera, de colonia a municipio. Territorio, población y poblamiento, UCOPress, Córdoba, 2023.

Adolfo Hamer-Flores — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100

ROLF-ULRICH KUNZE: Nacionalismo: ilusiones y realidades. Una mirada crítica sobre el estado de la cuestión, Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2023.

Adrián Magaldi Fernández — Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0100