(Mal)trato de libros en "El cuento de la criada"
manipulación, quema y censura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18172/jes.6667Palabras clave:
libros, distopia, manipulación, censura, Margaret Atwood, El cuento de la criadaResumen
Este artículo comparte la teoría de que los libros contienen ideas, ideologías y alternativas, y que la restricción y destrucción de libros puede significar la pérdida de éstas. Este artículo analiza el (mal)trato de libros en El cuento de la criada en tres líneas temporales: durante el régimen de Gilead, así como el antes y el después. Los recuerdos de Defred ofrecen una perspectiva esclarecedora sobre la libertad de un pasado que ya mostraba signos de las restricciones futuras. En el presente, las Criadas no pueden leer y los libros son símbolos de poder; lo que aparece reforzado por las Tías y los Comandantes. El futuro de las Notas Históricas muestra el impacto negativo que la falta de alfabetismo ha tenido en la historia del país. En definitiva, en El cuento de la criada los libros representan herramientas de censura que sirven para controlar la narrativa.
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American Library Association. “Censorship by the numbers.” American Library Association, www.ala.org/bbooks/censorship-numbers. Accessed 22 July 2025.
Atwood, Margaret. The Handmaid’s Tale. Vintage Books, 1996.
Atwood, Margaret. The Testaments. McClelland & Stewart, 2019.
Atwood, Margaret. Burning Questions: Essays and Occasional Pieces 2004–2021. Vintage, 2022.
Bouson, J. Brooks. “The Misogyny of Patriarchal Culture in The Handmaid’s Tale.” Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, edited by Harold Bloom, 1st ed, Chelsea House Publishers, 2001, pp. 41-62.
Bradbury, Ray. Fahrenheit 451. Harper Voyager, 2008.
Cwiklinski, Emersen. “Banned Book of the Month: The Handmaid’s Tale.” Charger Press, 20 Nov. 2024, chargerpress.com/home/banned-book-of-the-month-the-handmaids-tale. Accessed 22 July 2025.
Du Plessis, Nicole. “The Hunger Games in the Arena of Dystopian Literacy.” The Age of Dystopia: One Genre, Our Fears and Our Future, edited by Louisa MacKay Demerjian, Cambridge University Press, 2016, pp. 101-127.
Dunbar, Marina. “Multi-level barrage of US book bans is ‘unprecedented’, says PEN America.” The Guardian, 7 Feb. 2025, theguardian.com/us-news/2025/feb/07/book-bans-pen-america-censorship. Accessed 22 July 2025.
Dwan, David. “Orwell and Humanism.” The Cambridge Companion to Nineteen Eighty-Four, edited by Nathan Wadell, Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 64-78. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108887090.005
Finigan, Theo. “‘Into the Memory Hole’: Totalitarianism and Mal d’Archive in Nineteen Eighty-Four and The Handmaid’s Tale.” Science Fiction Studies, vol. 38, no. 3, 2011, pp. 435-459. https://doi.org/10.5621/sciefictstud.38.3.0435 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5621/sciefictstud.38.3.0435
Gardiner, Anne Barbeau. “The interrelated defense of abortion and pornography in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” Women’s Issues in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, edited by David E. Nelson, Greenhaven Press, 2012, pp. 46-55.
Grace, Dominick M. “‘The Handmaid’s Tale’: ‘Historical Notes’ and Documentary Subversion.” Science Fiction Studies, vol. 25, no. 3, 1998, pp. 481-494. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4240726. Accessed 22 July 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/sfs.25.3.0481
Green, Keith and LeBihan, Jill. Critical Theory and Practice: A Coursebook. Taylor & Francis e-Library, Howell, Amanda. “Breaking silence, bearing witness, and voicing defiance: the resistant female voice in the transmedia storyworld of The Handmaid’s Tale.” Continuum, vol. 33, no. 2, 2019, pp. 216-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2019.1569392 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2019.1569392
Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World. 1932. Vintage Classics, 2004.
Ingersoll, Earl. “Margaret Atwood’s ‘The Handmaid’s Tale’: Echoes of Orwell.” Journal of the Fantastic in the Arts, vol. 5, no. 4 (20), 1993, pp. 64-72. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43308174
Jadwin, Lisa. “Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid's Tale (1985): Cultural and Historical Context.” The Handmaid’s Tale: Critical Insights, 2010, pp. 21-41. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237268394_Margaret_Atwood's_The_Handmaid's_Tale_1985_Cultural_and_Historical_Context
Johns, Alessa. “Feminism and Utopianism.” The Cambridge Companion to Utopian Literature, edited by Gregory Claeys, Cambridge University Press, 2010, pp. 174-199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL9780521886659.008
Johnson, Hollie. “Orwell’s Literary Inheritors, 1950–2000 and Beyond.” The Cambridge Companion to Nineteen Eighty-Four, edited by Nathan Wadell, Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 123-137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108887090.009
Jubair, Ahmed Karyosh. “Deconstructing Dystopia: Applying Postmodernism to Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale” Journal of Global Scientific Research, vol. 9, no. 3, 2024, pp. 3417-3422. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10866843
Kidd, Kenneth. “‘Not Censorship but Selection’: Censorship and/as Prizing.” Children’s Literature in Education, vol. 40, no 3, 2009, pp. 197-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10583-008-9078-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10583-008-9078-4
Le Guin, Ursula K. Words Are My Matter: Writings on Life and Books. Mariner books, 2019.
Malak, Amin. “Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale and the Dystopian Tradition.” Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, edited by Harold Bloom, 1st ed, Chelsea House Publishers, 2001, 3-10.
Martínez Rus, Ana. “No Sólo Hubo Censura: La Destrucción y Depuración de Libros En España (1936-1948).” Creneida. Anuario de Literaturas Hispánicas, no. 5, 2017, pp. 35-65, https://doi.org/10.21071/calh.v5i.10368 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21071/calh.v5i.10368
McCrory, Connor. “Why The Handmaid’s Tale was banned from schools.” The Mirror, 10 Apr. 2025, themirror.com/entertainment/handmaids-tale-banned-schools-1085525. Accessed 22 July 2025.
Miller, Bruce, creator. The Handmaid’s Tale. MGM Television, 2017.
Mingoia, Gina E. “Parodies and Distorted Shadows: Pseudo-Feminism in The Handmaid’s Tale.” The Macksey Journal, vol. 1, no. 217, 2020. mackseyjournal.scholasticahq.com/article/21778
Oladipo, Gloria. “US public schools banned 10,000 books in most recent academic year.” The Guardian, 23 Sep. 2024, theguardian.com/us-news/2024/sep/23/pen-book-bans. Accessed 22 July 2025.
Orwell, George. Nineteen Eighty-Four. Annotated Edition. 1949. Penguin, 2013.
Pengelly, Martin. “Atwood Responds to Book Bans with ‘Unburnable’ Edition of Handmaid’s Tale.” The Guardian, 24 May 2022. https://www.theguardian.com/books/2022/may/24/margaret-atwood-handmaids-tale-unburnable-edition. Accessed 25 Mar. 2025.
Purcell, Clare. “A Library Is a Symbol.” Christian Education, vol. 31, no. 1, 1948, pp. 53-56. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41175269
Raouf, Chalak Ghafoor. “The hidden truth behind the forms of beauty in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale.” JUHD, vol. 3, no. 3, 2017, pp. 648-654. https://doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v3n3y2017.pp648-654 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21928/juhd.20170820.29
Shaffer, Brian W. Reading the Novel in English 1950–2000. John Wiley & Sons, 2005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470997062
Somacarrera-Ínigo, Pilar. “‘Thank You For Creating This World For All Of Us’: Globality and the Reception of Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale after its Television Adaptation.” Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses, vol. 78, 2019, pp. 83-95. https://doi.org/10.25145/j.recaesin.2019.78.06 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25145/j.recaesin.2019.78.06
Staels, Hilde. “Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale: Resistance through narrating.” Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, edited by Harold Bloom, 1st ed, Chelsea House Publishers, 2001, 113-126.
Tennant, Colette. Religion in The Handmaid’s Tale: A Brief Guide. Fortress Press, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvcb5bp1
The Bible. Authorized King James Version, Biblegateway, https://www.biblegateway.com. Accessed 22 July 2025.
Tucker, Lauren. “The Kindle Con: You’re Paying Ownership Prices to Rent Digital Books.” Medium, 20 Feb. 2020, medium.com/age-of-awareness/the-kindle-con-youre-paying-ownership-prices-to-rent-digital-books-8cd46b4ea82e. Accessed 22 July 2025.
Yang, Roush, et al. “Why Was The Handmaid’s Tale Banned?” CBR, 10 Jul. 2025, www.cbr.com/why-was-the-handmaids-tale-banned. Accessed 22 July 2025.
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