Pastoreo en la media montaña mediterránea para mitigar el cambio climático: una experiencia en el Sistema Ibérico noroccidental

Teodoro Lasanta; Melani Cortijos-López; Estela Nadal Romero

doi:10.18172/cig.6356

Authors

Teodoro Lasanta Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9658-8069
Melani Cortijos-López Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-0602
Estela Nadal Romero Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4651-7828

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18172/cig.6356

Keywords:

extensive stockbreeding, mosaic landscape, forest fires, SOC stocks, La Rioja (Spain)

Abstract

The livestock sector, especially in its intensive form, is considered highly relevant in the context of climate change due to its contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. However, livestock production is necessary to feed the population and to conserve ecosystems services and cultural landscapes. On the other hand, extensive livestock farming can help to mitigate climate change through grazing. This study analyses how the combination of shrub clearing and grazing contributes to reducing forest fires and increasing organic carbon (SOC) storage in the soil. The study was conducted in the Northwestern Iberian System (Spain), a sparsely populated Mediterranean mid-mountain region. In the landscape predominates shrubs in different stages of plant succession after rural abandonment, with extensive livestock farming being the main economic activity. Since 1986, the regional government has cleared approximately 30% of shrublands, reducing the amount of available combustible material. The burned area has decreased from an average of 1,060 ha/year in the period 1968-1986 to 222.6 ha/year between 1987 and 2023. It has also been found that pastures regenerated after clearing, as well as managed forest plantations (thinning and grazing), accumulate more SOC than the shrublands. In these marginalized mountains there are people who want to continue living off local resources. Extensive livestock farming can help retain the population, while also contributing to climate change mitigation and providing ecosystem services to society.

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