The Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in central Patagonia, 44°S–49°S

M. Mendelova; A.S. Hein; R. McCulloch; B. Davies

doi:10.18172/cig.3263

Autores/as

M. Mendelova School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP.
A.S. Hein School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP
R. McCulloch Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA
B. Davies Centre for Quaternary Research, Department for Geography, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18172/cig.3263

Palabras clave:

Último Máximo Glaciar, deglaciación, Holoceno, Patagonia, cronología glacial

Resumen

Este artículo revisa los datos geocronológicos publicados sobre las fluctuaciones de los glaciares y los cambios ambientales en la Patagonia central (44 ° S - 49 ° S) desde el Último Máximo Global (LGM) hasta el Holoceno. Las cronologías glaciales bien datadas de las latitudes medias del sur pueden informar sobre la sincronicidad de los avances glaciares en todo el mundo y proporcionar una visión de los factores de las glaciaciones del hemisferio sur. En el centro de Patagonia, dos grandes lóbulos de salida del antiguo Campo de Hielo Patagónico avanzaron en una amplia sincronía con el LGM global. En contraste con otras partes de Patagonia, no hay evidencia convincente de un avance local más extenso que la que tuvo lugar durante el LGM durante la Etapa 3 de Isótopos Marinos. La deglaciación se inició hacia aprox. 19 ka, antes que en otras partes de la Patagonia y regionalmente en el hemisferio sur, y la rápida deglaciación vio los márgenes de hielo retroceder en algunos lugares por lo menos 80-120 km en pocos milenios. Los márgenes de los glaciares del Tardiglaciar están mal delimitados, aunque una masa de hielo sustancialmente suficiente para mantener un gran lago proglaciar regional tuvo que persistir en ese momento. Se discute cuándo ocurrió el drenaje del lago y la apertura de la ruta de drenaje de Río Baker hacia el Océano Pacífico. La única costa directamente datada sugiere que esto ocurrió al final de la Reversión Fría Antártica en 12.7 ka. La evidencia paleoecológica del enfriamiento durante la Reversión Fría Antártica o Younger Dryas sigue siendo equívoca, lo que puede reflejar tanto la naturaleza eutérmica de la vegetación patagónica como los vientos del oeste meridionales cambiantes. Los glaciares de salida oriental parecen haber avanzado o estabilizarse en la transición Tardiglaciar/Holoceno cuando los registros palaeoambientales indican condiciones más cálidas y más secas, pero la razón de esto no está clara. Nuestra revisión revela vacíos espaciales y temporales en los datos disponibles que proporcionan vías para la investigación futura.

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Citas

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