Effect of hyaloclastite breccia boulders on meso-scale periglacial-aeolian  landsystem in semi-arid Antarctic environment, James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula

M. Kňažková; F. Hrbáček; J. Kavan; D. Nývlt

doi:10.18172/cig.3800

Autores/as

M. Kňažková Department of Geography, Masaryk University
F. Hrbáček Department of Geography, Masaryk University
J. Kavan Department of Geography, Masaryk University
D. Nývlt Department of Geography, Masaryk University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18172/cig.3800

Palabras clave:

ordenación de suelos, ambiente periglaciar, Antártida, acumulación eólica, fusion nival

Resumen

En este trabajo tratamos de describir los procesos que conducen a la creación de un sistema específico periglaciar y eólico, que evoluciona alrededor de bloques de hialoclastita en la Isla James Ross, nordeste de la Península Antártica. Estos bloques fueron depositados como resultado del avance a finales del Holoceno del Glaciar Whisky, formando un cordón de bloques de unos 5 km de longitud, desde la morrena del Glaciar Whisky hasta la Bahía Brandy. La combinación del seguimiento de la temperatura del suelo, medidas de la cubierta nival, análisis granulométricos y trabajo de campo permitieron cuantificar y entender las interacciones de los procesos periglaciares y eólicosculos y atrapan el espesor de la cubierta nival. Los bloques brechosos de hialoclastita act lugar de referencia para la tem que conducen a la formación de un sistema específico a mediana escala alrededor de los bloques. Se instalaron sondas de temperatura del suelo en enero de 2017 en la proximidad de dos bloques seleccionados. Los dos lugares de estudio, en el Lago Monolith (bloque mayor) y el río Keller (bloque menor), fueron también controlados con estacas de nieve y cámaras de seguimiento. Una estación meteorológica automática en los Abernethy Flats, localizada aproximadamente 3 km al nordeste, fue utilizada como lugar de referencia para la temperatura del suelo y el espesor de la cubierta nival. Los bloques brechosos de hialoclastita actúan como obstáculos y atrapan la nieve desplazada por el viento, dando lugar a la formación de acumulaciones de nieve a sotavento y barlovento. Estas acumulaciones afectan al régimen termal del suelo y conducen al transporte de partículas finas por el agua de fusión durante el verano. La cubierta nival también atrapa arena fina transportada por el viento, dando lugar a la formación de anillos de arena fina en los lados de sotavento y barlovento de los bloques, una vez que la nieve ha fundido. Además, el agua de fusión afecta al contenido de humedad del suelo, creando condiciones favorables, aunque espacialmente limitadas, para la colonización por musgos y líquenes.

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