Coeficiente de variación del espesor de la nieve a escala de subcuadrícula en áreas montañosas alpinas y subalpinas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18172/cig.4951Palabras clave:
Distribución de la nieve, variabilidad de la subcuadrícula, coeficiente de variación, lidar, modelosResumen
Dada la variabilidad de la nieve en áreas de montaña complejas, un reto importante de las aplicaciones de modelado a gran escala es representar con precisión la variabilidad de las propiedades de la capa de nieve a escala de subcuadrícula. El coeficiente de variación (CVds) del espesor de la nieve es una medida útil para caracterizar la distribución de la nieve en subcuadrículas, pero no ha sido bien definido mediante una parametrización para entornos montañosos. Este estudio utiliza datos de espesor de la nieve derivados de LIDAR en áreas montañosas alpinas y subalpinas de Colorado, EE. UU. La finalidad es evaluar la variabilidad de la distribución de la nieve a escala de subcuadrícula dentro de un tamaño de cuadrícula de una resolución de 1000 m habitual para modelos hidrológicos y de superficie del terreno. Los CVds de la subcuadrícula mostraron un amplio rango de variabilidad en el área de estudio de 321 km2 (0,15 a 2,74) y fueron significativamente mayores en las áreas alpinas en comparación con las áreas subalpinas. El espesor medio de la nieve fue el factor determinante de la variabilidad del CVds tanto en áreas alpinas como subalpinas, ya que el CVds disminuyó de forma no lineal con el incremento del espesor de la nieve. Esta correlación negativa se atribuye al tamaño estático de los elementos rugosos (topografía y dosel) que influyen fuertemente en la variabilidad estacional de la nieve. El CVds de la subcuadrícula también estuvo muy relacionado con la topografía y las variables forestales. Los controladores determinantes del CVds fueron la variabilidad a escala de subcuadrícula de la exposición del terreno al viento en áreas alpinas y la media y variabilidad de las métricas forestales en áreas subalpinas. Se desarrollaron dos modelos estadísticos (alpino y subalpino) para predecir el CVds a escala de subcuadrícula que muestran estadísticamente rendimientos razonables. La metodología presentada aquí puede ser utilizada para caracterizar la variabilidad de CVds en regiones montañosas dominadas por la nieve, y subraya la utilidad de usar conjuntos de datos de nieve derivados de LIDAR para mejorar las representaciones de modelos de procesos de nieve.Descargas
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