Análisis del uso de la fotovoz en un proceso de investigación inclusiva

Aitana Salva Pont; Odet Moliner García

doi:10.18172/con.6297

Autores/as

Aitana Salva Pont Universitat Jaume I https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1358-1525
Odet Moliner García Universitat Jaume I https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5318-5489

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18172/con.6297

Palabras clave:

Fotovoz, Investigación inclusiva, Discapacidad intelectual y del desarrollo, Co-investigación, Participación

Resumen

La fotovoz es una técnica que facilita la expresión de la información a través de la toma de imágenes y su correspondiente análisis para extraer su significado. El presente estudio comprende un proceso de investigación inclusiva desarrollado por estudiantes con Discapacidad Intelectual y del Desarrollo (DID) dentro de un programa formativo denominado Investiguem, un programa donde los estudiantes aprenden a investigar dentro de un proceso de investigación inclusiva llevado a cabo en un curso de educación inclusiva postsecundaria en la Universidad Jaume I de Castellón. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar cómo el uso de la fotovoz favorece la participación y el aprendizaje de todo el alumnado en un proceso de investigación inclusiva y detectar los elementos facilitadores y limitadores de su puesta en práctica y del desarrollo del proceso. Metodológicamente se trata de un estudio exploratorio realizado mediante un proceso de observación sistemática no participante y grupos focales conformados por estudiantes e investigadoras. Los resultados indican que la técnica de la fotovoz favorece la participación y el aprendizaje de todas las personas al permitir diferentes posibilidades de comunicación y expresión, además de desarrollar un sentimiento de pertenencia durante todo el proceso. Realizar una planificación desde un marco de diseño universal del aprendizaje se considera como un elemento facilitador. Sin embargo, se han detectado factores limitadores relacionados directamente con el proceso y no con la técnica, relacionados, por ejemplo, con los procesos de análisis y selección de la información. De las conclusiones del estudio, se realizan recomendaciones para futuras puestas en práctica, teniendo en cuenta los facilitadores detectados y transformar los limitadores encontrados para así, fomentar más el empoderamiento del estudiantado a través del uso de la técnica dentro de un proceso de investigación inclusiva.

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