Pre-service teachers’ beliefs and practices about written corrective feedback
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18172/con.6849Keywords:
: teacher beliefs, written corrective feedback, pre-service teachers, writing.Abstract
Pre-service teachers’ beliefs about written corrective feedback (WCF) influence how they provide feedback on students’ texts. Previous research on teachers’ beliefs and WCF practices has focused primarily on L2 teaching and learning contexts involving in-service teachers, with comparatively limited attention to pre-service teachers. This study aims to identify pre-service teachers' beliefs about WCF and their feedback practices and to analyse the relationship between them. Nine third-year undergraduate pre-service teachers participated in the study. A qualitative case study methodology was used, and two group interviews were conducted and analysed using thematic analysis. Nine texts containing WCF were also collected and examined in terms of WCF type (direct, indirect, metalinguistic, metadiscursive), the nature of the error (local/global) and the scope (focused/non-focused). Participants believe that WCF should enhance the quality of students’ writing and include specific strategies. According to the type of WCF, they value indirect WCF for its potential to foster reflection, and metalinguistic WCF for providing clear explanations. However, when providing WCF, they do so in a non-focused manner, predominantly using direct feedback and focusing on local errors—mainly orthographic ones. The findings suggest that tensions between beliefs and practices can be explained by individual factors, such as previous learning experiences, and highlights the need for specific training in WCF in initial teacher education programs.
Downloads
References
Birello, M., Comajoan Colomé, L., y Salguero, T. (2024). Corregim a mida. Articles de Didàctica de la Llengua i de la Literatura, 101, 32-39.
Borg, S. (2017). Teachers’ beliefs and classroom practices. En P. Garrett y J. M. Cots (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of language awareness (1ª ed., Vol. 1., pp. 75–91). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315676494-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315676494-5
Borg, S. (2019). Language teacher cognition: Perspectives and debates. En X. Gao (Ed.), Second handbook of English language teaching (pp. 1149-1170). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02899-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02899-2_59
Buehl, M.M. y Beck, J.S. (2014). The relationship between teachers’ beliefs and teachers’ practices. En H. Fives y M.G. Gill (Eds.), International handbook of research on teachers’ beliefs (1ª ed., pp.66-84). Routledge.
Carrasco Perea, E. y López Ferrero, C. (2023). Retroalimentación ¿para aprender?: experiencias de futuros docentes de lenguas. Perspectiva Educacional, 62(2), 234-255. http://doi.org/10.4151/07189729-vol.62-iss.2-art.1419 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4151/07189729-Vol.62-Iss.2-Art.1419
Cheng, X., Zhuang, L. J., y Yan, Q. (2025). Exploring teacher written feedback in EFL writing classrooms: Beliefs and practices in interaction. Language Teaching Research, 29(1). 385-415. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688211057665 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688211057665
Creswell, J.W. y Poth, C. N. (2024). Qualitative inquiry and research design. Choosing among five approaches. SAGE.
Ellis, R. (2009). A typology of written corrective feedback types. ELT journal, 63(2), 97-107. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccn023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccn023
Ellis, R., Sheen, Y., Murakami, M., y Takashima, H. (2008). The effects of focused and unfocused written corrective feedback in an English as a foreign language context. System, 36(3), 353-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2008.02.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2008.02.001
Espinoza, A. Q., Medina, S. K., y Lagos, P. S. (2018). How do Chilean Pre-Service Teachers Correct Errors in Writing? Revista Brasileira de Lingüística Aplicada, 18, 561-579. https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-6398201812447 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-6398201812447
Ferris, D. (2006). Does error feedback help student writers? New evidence on the short- and long-term effects of written error correction. En K. Hyland y F. Hyland (Eds.), Feedback in Second Language Writing: Contexts and Issues (pp. 81-104). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139524742.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139524742.007
Guénette, D. y Lyster, R. (2013). Written corrective feedback and its challenges for pre-service ESL teachers. Canadian modern language review, 69(2), 129-153. https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.1346 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.1346
Hall, A. H. y Grisham-Brown, J. (2011). Writing development over time: Examining preservice teachers' attitudes and beliefs about writing. Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education, 32(2), 148-158. https://doi.org/10.1080/10901027.2011.572230 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10901027.2011.572230
Han, Y. y Hyland, F. (2019). Academic emotions in written corrective feedback situations. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 38, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2018.12.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2018.12.003
Junqueira, L. y Payant, C. (2015). “I just want to do it right, but it’s so hard”: A novice teacher’s written corrective feedback beliefs and practices. Journal of Second Language Writing, 27, 19-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2014.11.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2014.11.001
Karim, K. y Nassaji, H. (2020). The revision and transfer effects of direct and indirect comprehensive corrective feedback on ESL students’ writing. Language Teaching Research, 24(4), 519-539. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168818802469 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1362168818802469
Krueger, R. A. y Casey, M. A. (2015). Focus-group interviewing. En K. E. Newcomer, H. P. Hatry y J. S. Wholey, (Eds.), Handbook of practical program evaluation (4ª ed., pp. 506-534). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119171386.ch20 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119171386.ch20
Lee, I. (2017). Classroom writing assessment and feedback in L2 school contexts. Springer Singapore. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3924-9
Lee, I. y Mohebbi, H. (2021). Written corrective feedback (WCF): Teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and practice. Language teaching research quarterly, 25, 1-107. http://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.25.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2021.25.01
Lira-Gonzales, M. L., Nassaji, H., y Chao Chao, K. W. (2021). Student engagement with teacher written corrective feedback in a French as a foreign language classroom. Journal of Response to Writing, 7(2) Article3.
Liu, Q. y Brown, D. (2015). Methodological synthesis of research on the effectiveness of corrective feedback in L2 writing. Journal of Second Language Writing, 30, 66-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2015.08.011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2015.08.011
Mao, S. y Crosthwaite, P. (2019). Investigating written corrective feedback: (Mis) alignment of teachers’ beliefs and practice. Journal of Second Language Writing, 45, 46-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2019.05.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2019.05.004
Montgomery, J. L. y Baker, W. (2007). Teacher-written feedback: Student perceptions, teacher self-assessment, and actual teacher performance. Journal of Second Language Writing, 16(2), 82-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2007.04.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2007.04.002
Nassaji, H. (2015). The interactional feedback dimension in instructed second language learning: Linking theory, research, and practice. Bloomsbury.
Nassaji, H. y Kartchava, E. (Eds.). (2021). The Cambridge handbook of corrective feedback in second language learning and teaching. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108589789
Phipps, S. y Borg, S. (2009). Exploring tensions between teachers’ grammar teaching beliefs and practices. System, 37(3), 380-390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2009.03.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2009.03.002
Schoch, K. (2020). Case Study Research. En G. J. Burkholder, K. A. Cox, L. M. Crawford, J. H. Hitchcock (Eds.), Research Design and Methods: An Applied Guide for the Scholar-Practitioner (pp. 245-258). SAGE.
Skott, J. (2015). The promises, problems and prospects of research on teachers’ beliefs. En H. Fives y M. G. Gill (Eds.), International handbook of research on teachers’ beliefs (1ª ed., pp.13-30). Routledge.
Valls, E., Prats, S., de Bofarull, J., Fullola, M., Julien, E., García-Rueda, R. y Riera, L. (2024). La competència lingüística i comunicativa dels futurs mestres: resultats de la primera prova diagnòstica de català a l’alumnat de nou accés de cinc facultats d’Educació de Catalunya. Revista de Llengua i Dret, Journal of Language and Law, 81, 189-212. https://doi.org/10.58992/rld.i81.2024.4147 DOI: https://doi.org/10.58992/rld.i81.2024.4147
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Tania Salguero , Marilisa Birello

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors retain copyright of articles and authorize Contextos Educativos. Revista de Educación the first publication. They are free to share and redistribute the article without obtaining permission from the publisher as long as they give appropriate credit to the editor and the journal.
Self-archiving is allowed too. In fact, it is recommendable to deposit a PDF version of the paper in academic and/or institutional repositories.Funding data
-
Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca
Grant numbers (2020 ARMIF 00025)




